新形势下农村留守儿童问题的实证研究

采用实证分析法,以广西柳州的留守儿童为研究对象,采用调查问卷的方式分析了农村留守儿童普遍存在的问题,并提出相应的对策建议。     

烤烟不同打顶时期·留叶数对产质量的影响

[目的]探明黔东南州黄平烟区不同长势烤烟最佳打顶时期和留叶数。[方法]研究不同打顶时期和留叶数与烟叶产质量的关系。[结果]不同打顶时期对烟叶的产质量影响最大。[结论]在黄平县生态条件下,初花打顶＋留21叶效果最好,符合优质烟的田间长势长相,烟叶质量好,产量高,能获得较高的经济效益,而且随着打顶时期的延迟,烟叶产量和质量呈下降趋势,经济效益减少。     

安徽农村留守儿童与非留守儿童成长问题的差异性分析

对安徽省农村儿童进行访谈,获取有效问卷245份,重点分析了安徽农村留守儿童和非留守儿童在学习状况、生活满意度、品德行为、心理健康的差异性。研究显示,安徽农村留守儿童和非留守儿童在学习状况、生活满意度和心理健康3方面存在显著差异,且非留守儿童好于留守儿童;在品德行为方面,二者不存在显著差异。     

农村留守儿童监护制度的缺失及完善

留守儿童是指父母双方或一方外出务工半年以上,其子女留在家乡或托人照看未满18周岁的未成年人。以法律的形式明确监护人的权利和义务,规定非亲权监护人的报酬请求权,建立监护监督制度和留守儿童工作机制,是维护留守儿童合法权益的关键。     

安得草堂庇群童——为流动儿童建立图书馆的设想

很多随同打工的父母进入城市的流动儿童,无法享受当地户籍的同龄儿童的学习机会,影响了劳动力素质提高、社会稳定、农业现代化和社会公平。在政府提供公平的政策和平台的同时,民间也可以致力改善流动儿童的小环境。我们提出了由志愿者组建流动儿童图书馆的设想,希望免费为他们提供贴近身边、贴近需要的文化教育服务。     

安徽农村留守儿童教育问题浅析

安徽省是个农业大省,农村人口流动量大,外出务工人员众多,随之而来的是农村留守儿童问题,其中留守儿童的教育问题又是问题之首。该文分析研究了安徽省农村留守儿童教育现状及存在问题,并提出相关对策与建议。     

山葡萄结果枝不同时期摘心对果实品质和产量的影响

以酿造冰红山葡萄酒新品种"北冰红"及酿造干红山葡萄酒新品系94-7-759、8-8-168、2001-6-135为试材,进行结果枝不同时期摘心试验。结果表明:留1~2片叶摘心,由于摘心强度大,4个品种(品系)均表现果实成熟度差、坐果率、果穗重、果实含糖量、出汁率和产量低,果粒重、果实总酸含量、"青绿粒"和冬芽萌发率高。留6~7片叶摘心,坐果率、产量和总酸较高,果粒重、含糖量和出汁率偏低、果穗松散,而且增加夏季修剪的用工量。留3~5片叶摘心,果穗重、含糖量和出汁率高,总酸含量低,坐果率和产量中等。特别是留4片叶摘心,表现果穗大、果穗上"青绿粒"少、结果枝冬芽末萌发,果实总酸含量低、含糖量和出汁率高。4个品种(品系)适宜摘心保留叶片数量是在结果枝最上端一个花序留4片叶摘心。     

"氯-芬"合剂微泵法行小儿静脉麻醉的临床观察

探讨“氯－芬”合剂泵法行小儿静脉全麻的效果及其对患对患儿呼吸,循环的影响,方法５１例手术患儿,用“氯－芬”合剂微泵滴注行非插管全凭静脉麻醉,术中监测ＭＡＰ,ＨＲ,ＲＲ,ＳｐＯ２,定时查动脉血气。结论：“氯－芬”合剂微泵法可控性强,给药均匀且用量少,镇静镇痛完善,对呼吸循环影响轻微,术毕苏醒快,无明显并发症。     

Hormonal response to dobutamine cardiac stress testing in a conscious canine model of early left ventricular dysfunction induced by chronic rate overload

The aims of this study were to investigate (1) hormonal activation before and during dobutamine cardiac stress testing (DST) in a canine model of early left ventricular dysfunction (ELVD) induced by rapid right ventricular pacing (RRVP) and (2) the relationship between this hormonal profile and carnitine concentrations.Before the pacing period, the 6 dogs were assigned to 2 groups according their baseline total plasma carnitine concentration. A DST was performed on each dog before activation of the pacemaker and every 3 to 4 days during development of 3 progressive stages of ELVD (stages 1, 2 and 3). Plasma atrial natriuretic factor (ANF), angiotensin II (ANG II) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) levels were measured at the start and at the end of each DST. Effects of ELVD, DST and plasma carnitine concentration on these measurements were tested.The RRVP induced a significant increase of ANF and ANG II and a non significant trend toward increase of ET-1 in all dogs.Before the pacing period, ANF remained constant during the DST in dogs with normal total plasma carnitine concentration, while it significantly decreased in dogs with low total plasma carnitine concentration. Dobutamine stress testing induced a significant decrease in ANF in all dogs in ELVD. Dobutamine infusion induced a significant increase in ANG II in all dogs before as well as during the pacing period while ET-1 was unchanged.These results suggest that investigation of the hormonal profile before and after a dobutamine challenge might provide important diagnostic information in dogs with asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic cardiac dysfunction of different origins.     

Dynamic left ventricular outflow tract obstruction secondary to hypovolemia in a German Shepard dog with splenic hemangiosarcoma

Dynamic left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (DLVOTO) is a common condition in cats and humans. In this case report, a dog is described with DLVOTO secondary to severe intra-abdominal hemorrhage caused by a hemangiosarcoma. The dog was a 9-year-old, 35.7-kg, spayed female German Shepard dog that presented with a history of tachypnea and collapse. A Levine II/VI systolic murmur was present at the heart base. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed a splenic mass and a large amount of ascites. Echocardiography showed a reduced left ventricular diameter and an increased aortic velocity caused by systolic anterior motion (SAM) of the mitral valve apparatus. The heart murmur and the SAM were resolved after treatment including a splenectomy and a blood transfusion.